Algorithm and data structure
  • Algorithm and data structure
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    • Big O Notation
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  • Leetcode
    • 1. Two Sum
    • 2. Add Two Numbers
    • 3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters
    • 4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays
    • 5. Longest Palindromic Substring
    • 6.ZigZag Conversion
    • 7. Reverse Integer
    • 8. String to Integer (atoi)
    • 9. Palindrome Number
    • 11. Container With Most Water
    • 12. Integer to Roman
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    • 14. Longest Common Prefix
    • 15. 3Sum
    • 16. 3Sum Closest
    • 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number
    • 18. 4Sum
    • 19. Remove Nth Node From End of List
    • 20. Valid Parentheses
    • 21. Merge Two Sorted Lists
    • 22. Generate Parentheses
    • 23. Merge k Sorted Lists
    • 24. Swap Nodes in Pairs
    • 25. Reverse Nodes in k-Group
    • 26. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array
    • 27. Remove Element
    • 28. Implement strStr()
    • 29. Divide Two Integers
    • 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words
    • 31. Next Permutation
    • 32. Longest Valid Parentheses
    • 33. Search in Rotated Sorted Array
    • 34. Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array
    • 35. Search Insert Position (Easy)
    • 36. Valid Sudoku
    • 37. Sudoku Solver
    • 38. Count and Say
    • 39. Combination Sum
    • 40. Combination Sum II
    • 41. First Missing Positive
    • 43. Multiply Strings
    • 45. Jump Game II
    • 46. Permutations (Medium)
    • 47. Permutations II (Medium)
    • 48. Rotate Image
    • 49. Group Anagrams
    • 50. Pow(x, n)
    • 51. N-Queens
    • 52. N-Queens II
    • 53. Maximum Subarray
    • 54. Spiral Matrix
    • 55. Jump Game
    • 56. Merge Intervals
    • 57. Insert Interval
    • 58. Length of Last Word
    • 59. Spiral Matrix II
    • 61. Rotate List
    • 62. Unique Paths
    • 63. Unique Paths II
    • 64. Minimum Path Sum
    • 66. Plus One
    • 67. Add Binary
    • 69. Sqrt(x)
    • 70. Climbing Stairs
    • 73. Set Matrix Zeroes
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    • 75. Sort Colors
    • 76. Minimum Window Substring
    • 77. Combinations
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    • 79. Word Search
    • 80. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array II
    • 81. Search in Rotated Sorted Array II
    • 82. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List II
    • 83. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List
    • 84. Largest Rectangle in Histogram
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    • 90. Subsets II
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    • 94. Binary Tree Inorder Traversal (Medium)
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    • 96. Unique Binary Search Trees
    • 98. Validate Binary Search Tree
    • 100. Same Tree (Easy)
    • 101. Symmetric Tree
    • 102. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal
    • 103. Binary Tree Zigzag Level Order Traversal
    • 104. Maximum Depth of Binary Tree
    • 105. Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal
    • 106. Construct Binary Tree from Inorder and Postorder Traversal
    • 107. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II (Easy)
    • 108. Convert Sorted Array to Binary Search Tree
    • 109. Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree
    • 110. Balanced Binary Tree
    • 111. Minimum Depth of Binary Tree
    • 112. Path Sum
    • 113. Path Sum II
    • 114. Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List
    • 116. Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node
    • 117. Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node IIㄟˋ大
    • 118. Pascal's Triangle
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    • 122. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock II
    • 123. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock III
    • 125. Valid Palindrome
    • 654. Maximum Binary Tree
    • 127. Word Ladder
    • 129. Sum Root to Leaf Numbers
    • 130. Surrounded Regions (Medium)
    • 131. Palindrome Partitioning
    • 133. Clone Graph
    • 134. Gas Station
    • 136. Single Number
    • 137. Single Number II
    • 138. Copy List with Random Pointer
    • 139. Word Break
    • 141. Linked List Cycle
    • 143. Reorder List
    • 144. Binary Tree Preorder Traversal
    • 145. Binary Tree Postorder Traversal
    • 147. Insertion Sort List
    • 148. Sort List
    • 151. Reverse Words in a String
    • 152. Maximum Product Subarray
    • 153. Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array
    • 154. Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array II
    • 155. Min Stack
    • 160. Intersection of Two Linked Lists
    • 164. Maximum Gap
    • 169. Majority Element (Easy)
    • 173. Binary Search Tree Iterator
    • 174. Dungeon Game (Hard)
    • 189. Rotate Array
    • 198. House Robber (Easy)
    • 199. Binary Tree Right Side View (Medium)
    • 203. Remove Linked List Elements
    • 206. Reverse Linked List
    • 213. House Robber II (Medium)
    • 215. Kth Largest Element in an Array (Medium)
    • 222. Count Complete Tree Nodes
    • 226. Invert Binary Tree
    • 230. Kth Smallest Element in a BST
    • 232. Implement Queue using Stacks
    • 234. Palindrome Linked List (Easy)
    • 235. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree
    • 236. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree
    • 237. Delete Node in a Linked List
    • 240. Search a 2D Matrix II
    • 242. Valid Anagram
    • 257. Binary Tree Paths
    • 283. Move Zeroes
    • 337. House Robber III (Medium)
    • 347. Top K Frequent Elements
    • 349. Intersection of Two Arrays
    • 409. Longest Palindrome (Easy)
    • 437. Path Sum III
    • 442. Find All Duplicates in an Array
    • 449. Serialize and Deserialize BST
    • 450. Delete Node in a BST
    • 543. Diameter of Binary Tree
    • 572. Subtree of Another Tree
    • 653. Two Sum IV - Input is a BST
    • 654. Maximum Binary Tree
    • 700. Search in a Binary Search Tree
    • 701. Insert into a Binary Search Tree
    • 783. Minimum Distance Between BST Nodes
    • 876.Middle of the Linked List
    • 942. DI String Match
  • Notes of algorithms
    • Binary Tree traversal
    • 廣度優先搜尋 (Breadth-first Search)
    • Divide and Conquer
    • Linked list: Insert Node
    • Dynamic programming
    • 深度優先搜尋 (Depth-first Search)
    • Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA)
    • Asymptotic notation
    • Binary search tree
    • AVL Tree (Height Balanced BST)
    • Linked list: Split the list
    • Linked list: Traverse the list
    • Linked list: Delete node
    • Heap sort
    • Cartesian tree
  • C++
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  • 1.問題
  • 2.想法
  • 3.程式碼
  1. Leetcode

37. Sudoku Solver

Previous36. Valid SudokuNext38. Count and Say

Last updated 6 years ago

1.問題

2.想法

  • 提問

    • 時間複雜度與可用空間是否有限制?

  • function header, parameter

  • test input

  • 說明想法

    • 可以用ray tracking的方式: 在空的地方放置有可能的(不違規)數字, 再繼續填下一個空位

    • 要注意的是, 這種試誤法, 目的是從許多可能中只有都是true的路徑才會持續走下去, type要用bool

  • 測試計算複雜度

3.程式碼

class Solution {
public:
    void solveSudoku(vector<vector<char>>& board) {
        if (board.empty() ||
            board.size() < 9 ||
            board[0].size() < 9) {
            return;
        }
        trySolveSudoku(board, 0, 0);
    }
private:
    bool trySolveSudoku(vector<vector<char>>& board, int startX, int startY) {
        if (startX == 9) {
            return true;
        } 
        
        if (startY >= 9) {
            return trySolveSudoku(board, startX + 1, 0);
        }
        if (board[startX][startY] == '.') {
            for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
                board[startX][startY] = char(i + '0');
                if(isValid(board, startX, startY)) {
                    //當下一步這樣ok時, 返回true
                    //因此從許多可能中只有都是true的路徑才會持續走下去, type要用bool
                     if (trySolveSudoku(board, startX, startY + 1)) {
                         return true;
                     }
                }
                board[startX][startY] = '.';
            }
        } else {
            return trySolveSudoku(board, startX, startY + 1);
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    bool isValid(vector<vector<char>>& board, int startX, int startY) {
        //row
        for (int j = 0; j < 9; ++j) {
            if (j != startY &&
                board[startX][startY] == board[startX][j]) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        
        //row
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i) {
            if (i != startX &&
                board[startX][startY] == board[i][startY]) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        
        //9 * 9
        for (int i = startX / 3 *3; i < startX / 3 *3 + 3; ++i) {
            for (int j = startY / 3 *3; j < startY / 3 *3 + 3; ++j) {
                if ((i != startX || j != startY) &&
                    board[startX][startY] == board[i][j]) {
                    return false;
                }
            }    
        }

        return true;
    }
};